Monaco

Airports

1 usable airfield with permanent-surface runways

Civil air

no major transport aircraft

Highways

none; city streets

Merchant marine

1 tanker (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,268 GRT/4,959 DWT

Ports

Monaco

Railroads

1.6 km 1.435-meter gauge

Telecommunications

served by the French communications system; automatic telephone system; 38,200 telephones; stations--3 AM, 4 FM, 5 TV; no communication satellite stations

Note

defense is the responsibility of France

Agriculture

NA

Aid

NA

Budget

revenues $386 million; expenditures $NA, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988 est.)

Currency

French franc (plural--francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes

Electricity

10,000 kW standby capacity (1988); power supplied by France

Exchange rates

French francs (F) per US$1--5.7598 (January 1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987), 6.9261 (1986), 8.9852 (1985)

Exports

$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties; also participates in EC market system through customs union with France

External debt

$NA

Fiscal year

calendar year

GNP

NA

Imports

$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monacan trade duties; also participates in EC market system through customs union with France

Industrial production

growth rate NA%

Industries

pharmaceuticals, food processing, precision instruments, glassmaking, printing, tourism

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

NA%

Overview

No data are published on the economy. Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, non-polluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. About 50% of Monaco's annual revenue comes from value-added taxes on hotels, banks, and the industrial sector; about 25% of revenue comes from tourism. Living standards are high, that is, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan suburbs.

Unemployment rate

full employment (1989)

Climate

Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers

Coastline

4.1 km

Comparative area

about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC

Environment

almost entirely urban

Land boundary

4.4 km with France

Land use

0% arable land; 0% permanent crops; 0% meadows and pastures; 0% forest and woodland; 100% other

Natural resources

none

Note

second-smallest independent state in world (after Vatican City)

Terrain

hilly, rugged, rocky

Territorial sea

12 nm

Total area

1.9 km2; land area: 1.9 km2

Administrative divisions

4 quarters (quartiers, singular--quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo

Capital

Monaco

Constitution

17 December 1962

Diplomatic representation

Monaco maintains honorary consulates general in Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New Orleans, New York, and San Francisco, and honorary consulates in Dallas, Honolulu, Palm Beach, Philadelphia, and Washington; US--no mission in Monaco, but the US Consul General in Marseille, France, is accredited to Monaco; Consul General R. Susan WOOD; Consulate General at 12 Boulevard Paul Peytral, 13286 Marseille Cedex (mailing address APO NY 09777); telephone [33] (91) 549-200

Executive branch

prince, minister of state, Council of Government (cabinet)

Flag

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red

Independence

1419, rule by the House of Grimaldi

Judicial branch

Supreme Tribunal (Tribunal Supreme) Chief of State--Prince RAINIER III (since November 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre (born 14 March 1958); Head of Government Minister of State Jean AUSSEIL (since 10 September 1985)

Legal system

based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Legislative branch

National Council (Conseil National)

Long-form name

Principality of Monaco

Member of

IAEA, ICAO, IHO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IPU, ITU, UN (permanent observer), UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO

National holiday

National Day, 19 November

Political parties and leaders

National and Democratic Union (UND), Democratic Union Movement (MUD), Monaco Action, Monegasque Socialist Party (PSM)

Suffrage

universal adult at age 25 National Council--last held on 24 January 1988 (next to be held 24 January 1993); results--percent of vote by party NA; seats--(18 total) UND 18

Type

constitutional monarchy

Birth rate

7 births/1,000 population (1990)

Death rate

7 deaths/1,000 population (1990)

Ethnic divisions

47% French, 16% Monegasque, 16% Italian, 21% other

Infant mortality rate

9 deaths/1,000 live births (1990)

Labor force

NA

Language

French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque

Life expectancy at birth

72 years male, 80 years female (1990)

Literacy

99%

Nationality

noun--Monacan(s) or Monegasque(s); adjective--Monacan or Monegasque

Net migration rate

9 migrants/1,000 population (1990)

Organized labor

4,000 members in 35 unions

Population

29,453 (July 1990), growth rate 0.9% (1990)

Religion

95% Roman Catholic

Total fertility rate

1.2 children born/woman (1990)