Denmark

Broadcast media

strong public-sector TV presence with state-owned Danmarks Radio (DR) operating 4 channels and publicly owned TV2 operating roughly a half dozen channels; broadcasts of privately owned stations are available via satellite and cable feed; DR operates 4 nationwide FM radio stations, 15 digital audio broadcasting stations, and about 15 web-based radio stations; approximately 250 commercial and community radio stations (2007)

Internet country code

.dk

Internet hosts

4.297 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 25

Internet users

4.75 million (2009) country comparison to the world: 48

Telephone system

general assessment: excellent telephone and telegraph services domestic: buried and submarine cables and microwave radio relay form trunk network, multiple cellular mobile communications systems international: country code - 45; a series of fiber-optic submarine cables link Denmark with Canada, Faroe Islands, Germany, Iceland, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia, Sweden, and UK; satellite earth stations - 18 (6 Intelsat, 10 Eutelsat, 1 Orion, 1 Inmarsat (Blaavand-Atlantic-East)); note - the Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden) share the Danish earth station and the Eik, Norway, station for worldwide Inmarsat access (2011)

Telephones - main lines in use

2.431 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 53

Telephones - mobile cellular

6.6 million (2012) country comparison to the world: 97

Agriculture - products

barley, wheat, potatoes, sugar beets; pork, dairy products; fish

Budget

revenues: $181.4 billion expenditures: $189.7 billion (2013 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-2.5% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 103

Central bank discount rate

0.75% (31 December 2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 133 0.75% (31 December 2010 est.)

Commercial bank prime lending rate

3.6% (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 162 3.6% (31 December 2012 est.)

Current account balance

$19.6 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 16 $17.44 billion (2012 est.)

Debt - external

$586.7 billion (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 24 $571.4 billion (31 December 2011)

Distribution of family income - Gini index

24.8 (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 137 24.7 (1992)

Economy - overview

This thoroughly modern market economy features a high-tech agricultural sector, state-of-the-art industry with world-leading firms in pharmaceuticals, maritime shipping and renewable energy, and a high dependence on foreign trade. Denmark is a member of the European Union (EU); Danish legislation and regulations conform to EU standards on almost all issues. Danes enjoy a high standard of living and the Danish economy is characterized by extensive government welfare measures and an equitable distribution of income. Denmark is a net exporter of food and energy and enjoys a comfortable balance of payments surplus, but depends on imports of raw materials for the manufacturing sector. Within the EU, Denmark is among the strongest supporters of trade liberalization. After a long consumption-driven upswing, Denmark's economy began slowing in 2007 with the end of a housing boom. Housing prices dropped markedly in 2008-09 and, following a short respite in 2010, have since continued to decline. Household indebtedness is still relatively high at more than 275% of gross disposable income in the first half of 2013. The global financial crisis has exacerbated this cyclical slowdown through increased borrowing costs and lower export demand, consumer confidence, and investment. Denmark made a modest recovery in 2010, in part because of increased government spending; however, the country experienced a technical recession in late 2010-early 2011. Historically low levels of unemployment rose sharply with the recession and have remained at about 6% in 2010-13, based on the national measure, about two-thirds average EU unemployment. An impending decline in the ratio of workers to retirees will be a major long-term issue. Denmark maintained a healthy budget surplus for many years up to 2008, but the budget balance swung into deficit in 2009, where it remains. In spite of the deficits, the new coalition government delivered a modest stimulus to the economy in 2012. Nonetheless, Denmark's fiscal position remains among the strongest in the EU with public debt at about 46% of GDP in 2013. Despite previously meeting the criteria to join the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), so far Denmark has decided not to join, although the Danish krone remains pegged to the euro.

Exchange rates

Danish kroner (DKK) per US dollar - 5.695 (2013 est.) 5.7925 (2012 est.) 5.6241 (2010 est.) 5.361 (2009) 5.0236 (2008)

Exports

$106 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 37 $104.9 billion (2012 est.)

Exports - commodities

machinery and instruments, meat and meat products, dairy products, fish, pharmaceuticals, furniture, windmills

Exports - partners

Germany 15.9%, Sweden 13.5%, UK 9.6%, US 6.6%, Norway 6.3%, Netherlands 4.6% (2012)

Fiscal year

calendar year

GDP (official exchange rate)

$324.3 billion (2013 est.)

GDP (purchasing power parity)

$211.3 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 55 $211.1 billion (2012 est.) $211.9 billion (2011 est.) note: data are in 2013 US dollars

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 49.1% government consumption: 28.8% investment in fixed capital: 17.7% investment in inventories: 0.2% exports of goods and services: 53.4% imports of goods and services: -49.2% (2013 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 1.5% industry: 21.7% services: 76.8% (2013 est.)

GDP - per capita (PPP)

$37,800 (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 32 $37,800 (2012 est.) $38,100 (2011 est.) note: data are in 2013 US dollars

GDP - real growth rate

0.1% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 195 -0.4% (2012 est.) 1.1% (2011 est.)

Gross national saving

24.1% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 54 22.6% of GDP (2012 est.) 23.3% of GDP (2011 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 1.9% highest 10%: 28.7% (2007)

Imports

$98.45 billion (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 35 $96.77 billion (2012 est.)

Imports - commodities

machinery and equipment, raw materials and semimanufactures for industry, chemicals, grain and foodstuffs, consumer goods

Imports - partners

Germany 21.2%, Sweden 13.5%, Netherlands 7.5%, China 6.4%, Norway 6.3%, UK 5.6% (2012)

Industrial production growth rate

1.1% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 143

Industries

iron, steel, nonferrous metals, chemicals, food processing, machinery and transportation equipment, textiles and clothing, electronics, construction, furniture and other wood products, shipbuilding and refurbishment, windmills, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

0.8% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 18 2.4% (2012 est.)

Labor force

2.795 million (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 106

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture: 2.6% industry: 20.3% services: 77.1% (2011 est.)

Market value of publicly traded shares

$NA (31 December 2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 31 $179.5 billion (31 December 2011) $231.7 billion (31 December 2010 est.)

Population below poverty line

13.4% (2011)

Public debt

47% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 75 45.6% of GDP (2012 est.) note: data cover general government debt, and includes debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment; debt instruments for the social funds are not sold at public auctions

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$89.5 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 24 $89.7 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of broad money

$180.2 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 42 $174.3 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad

$248.3 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 21 $241.7 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home

$146 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 31 $147.1 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of domestic credit

$675 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 22 $664.5 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Stock of narrow money

$147.6 billion (31 December 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 26 $150.4 billion (31 December 2012 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

55.9% of GDP (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 8

Unemployment rate

6% (2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 59 6% (2012 est.)

Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy

46.66 million Mt (2011 est.)

Crude oil - exports

155,200 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 32

Crude oil - imports

55,010 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 54

Crude oil - production

207,400 bbl/day (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 39

Crude oil - proved reserves

805 million bbl (1 January 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 43

Electricity - consumption

33.56 billion kWh (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 60

Electricity - exports

10.71 billion kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 20

Electricity - from fossil fuels

63% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 129

Electricity - from hydroelectric plants

0.1% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 150

Electricity - from nuclear fuels

0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 75

Electricity - from other renewable sources

36.9% of total installed capacity (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 2

Electricity - imports

15.92 billion kWh (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 13

Electricity - installed generating capacity

13.71 million kW (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 48

Electricity - production

33.71 billion kWh (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 63

Natural gas - consumption

4.994 billion cu m (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 63

Natural gas - exports

2.983 billion cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 39

Natural gas - imports

254 million cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 68

Natural gas - production

6.412 billion cu m (2012 est.) country comparison to the world: 50

Natural gas - proved reserves

42.98 billion cu m (1 January 2013 est.) country comparison to the world: 67

Refined petroleum products - consumption

160,200 bbl/day (2011 est.) country comparison to the world: 64

Refined petroleum products - exports

104,400 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 43

Refined petroleum products - imports

124,100 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 45

Refined petroleum products - production

145,300 bbl/day (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 62

Area

total: 43,094 sq km country comparison to the world: 134 land: 42,434 sq km water: 660 sq km note: includes the island of Bornholm in the Baltic Sea and the rest of metropolitan Denmark (the Jutland Peninsula, and the major islands of Sjaelland and Fyn), but excludes the Faroe Islands and Greenland

Area - comparative

slightly less than twice the size of Massachusetts

Climate

temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool summers

Coastline

7,314 km

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Lammefjord -7 m highest point: Mollehoj/Ejer Bavnehoj 171 m

Environment - current issues

air pollution, principally from vehicle and power plant emissions; nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of the North Sea; drinking and surface water becoming polluted from animal wastes and pesticides

Environment - international agreements

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural)

total: 0.66 cu km/yr (58%/5%/36%) per capita: 118.4 cu m/yr (2009)

Geographic coordinates

56 00 N, 10 00 E

Geography - note

controls Danish Straits (Skagerrak and Kattegat) linking Baltic and North Seas; about one-quarter of the population lives in greater Copenhagen

Irrigated land

4,354 sq km (2007)

Land boundaries

total: 140 km border countries: Germany 140 km

Land use

arable land: 57.99% permanent crops: 0.09% other: 41.91% (2011)

Location

Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, on a peninsula north of Germany (Jutland); also includes several major islands (Sjaelland, Fyn, and Bornholm)

Map references

Europe

Maritime claims

territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 24 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation

Natural hazards

flooding is a threat in some areas of the country (e.g., parts of Jutland, along the southern coast of the island of Lolland) that are protected from the sea by a system of dikes

Natural resources

petroleum, natural gas, fish, salt, limestone, chalk, stone, gravel and sand

Terrain

low and flat to gently rolling plains

Total renewable water resources

6 cu km (2011)

Administrative divisions

metropolitan Denmark - 5 regions (regioner, singular - region); Hovedstaden (Capital), Midtjylland (Central Jutland), Nordjylland (North Jutland), Sjaelland (Zealand), Syddanmark (Southern Denmark) note: an extensive local government reform merged 271 municipalities into 98 and 13 counties into five regions, effective 1 January 2007

Capital

name: Copenhagen geographic coordinates: 55 40 N, 12 35 E time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time) daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October note: applies to continental Denmark only, not to its North Atlantic components

Constitution

previous 1665; latest adopted 5 June 1849; amended several times, last in 2009 (2009)

Country name

conventional long form: Kingdom of Denmark conventional short form: Denmark local long form: Kongeriget Danmark local short form: Danmark

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Rufus GIFFORD (since 15 August 2013) embassy: Dag Hammarskjolds Alle 24, 2100 Copenhagen 0 mailing address: Unit 5280, DPO, AE 09716 telephone: [45] 33 41 71 00 FAX: [45] 35 43 02 23

Diplomatic representation in the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Peter TAKSOE-JENSEN (since 1 September 2010) chancery: 3200 Whitehaven Street NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4300 FAX: [1] (202) 328-1470 consulate(s) general: Chicago, New York

Executive branch

chief of state: Queen MARGRETHE II (since 14 January 1972); Heir Apparent Crown Prince FREDERIK, elder son of the monarch (born on 26 May 1968) head of government: Prime Minister Helle THORNING-SCHMIDT (since 3 October 2011) cabinet: Council of State appointed by the monarch (For more information visit theWorld Leaders website) elections: the monarchy is hereditary; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the monarch

Flag description

red with a white cross that extends to the edges of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist side; the banner is referred to as the Dannebrog (Danish flag) and is one of the oldest national flags in the world; traditions as to the origin of the flag design vary, but the best known is a legend that the banner fell from the sky during an early-13th century battle; caught up by the Danish king before it ever touched the earth, this heavenly talisman inspired the royal army to victory; in actuality, the flag may derive from a crusade banner or ensign note: the shifted design element was subsequently adopted by the other Nordic countries of Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden

Government type

constitutional monarchy

Independence

ca. 965 (unified and Christianized under HARALD I Gormson); 5 June 1849 (became a constitutional monarchy)

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Arctic Council, Australia Group, BIS, CBSS, CD, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, EIB, EITI (implementing country), ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NATO, NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, Schengen Convention, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNRWA, UNTSO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Judicial branch

highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the court president and 18 judges) judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the monarch upon the recommendation of the Minister of Justice with the advice of the Judicial Appointments Council, a 6-member independent body of judges and lawyers; judges appointed for life with retirement at age 70 subordinate courts: Special Court of Indictment and Revision; 2 High Courts; Maritime and Commercial Court; county courts

Legal system

civil law; judicial review of legislative acts

Legislative branch

unicameral People's Assembly or Folketing (179 seats, including 2 from Greenland and 2 from the Faroe Islands; members elected by popular vote on the basis of proportional representation to serve four-year terms unless the Folketing is dissolved earlier) elections: last held on 15 September 2011 (next to be held by September 2015) election results: percent of vote by party - V 26.7%, SDP 24.9%, DF 12.3%, SLP 9.5%, SF 9.2%, O 6.7%, LA 5%, C 4.9%, other 0.8%; seats by party - V 47, SDP 44, DF 22, SLP 17, SF 16, O 12, LA 9, C 8; note - does not include the two seats from Greenland and the two seats from the Faroe Islands

National anthem

name: "Der er et yndigt land" (There is a Lovely Land); "Kong Christian" (King Christian)

National holiday

none designated; Constitution Day, 5 June (1849) is generally viewed as the National Day

National symbol(s)

lion; mute swan

Political parties and leaders

Conservative People's Party or C [Lars BARFOED] Danish People's Party or DF [Kristian THULESEN DAHL] Liberal Alliance or LA [Anders SAMUELSEN] Liberal Party or V [Lars LOKKE RAMUSSEN] Red-Green Alliance (Unity List) or O [collective leadership, spokesperson Johanne SCHMIDT-NIELSEN] Social Democratic Party or SDP [Helle THORNING-SCHMIDT] Social Liberal Party or SLP [Margrethe VESTAGER] Socialist People's Party or SF [Annette VILHELMSEN]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Confederation of Danish Employers or DA [President Jorn Neergaard LARSEN] Confederation of Danish Industries [CEO Karsten DYBVAD] Confederation of Danish Labor Unions (Landsorganisationen) or LO [President Harald BORSTING] Danish Shipowners' Association [Chairman Carsten MORTENSEN]; Danish Bankers Association [CEO Joergen HORWITZ] DaneAge Association [President Bjarne HASTRUP] Danish Society for Nature Conservation [President Ella Maria BISSCHOP-LARSEN] other: environmental groups; humanitarian relief; development assistance; human rights NGOs

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Background

Once the seat of Viking raiders and later a major north European power, Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation that is participating in the general political and economic integration of Europe. It joined NATO in 1949 and the EEC (now the EU) in 1973. However, the country has opted out of certain elements of the European Union's Maastricht Treaty, including the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU), European defense cooperation, and issues concerning certain justice and home affairs.

Manpower available for military service

males age 16-49: 1,236,337 females age 16-49: 1,224,182 (2010 est.)

Manpower fit for military service

males age 16-49: 1,014,560 females age 16-49: 1,003,921 (2010 est.)

Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually

male: 37,913 female: 35,865 (2010 est.)

Military branches

Defense Command: Army Operational Command, Admiral Danish Fleet, Arctic Command, Tactical Air Command, Home Guard (2010)

Military expenditures

1.41% of GDP (2012) country comparison to the world: 71 1.35% of GDP (2011) 1.41% of GDP (2010)

Military service age and obligation

18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months according to specialization; reservists are assigned to mobilization units following completion of their conscript service; women eligible to volunteer for military service (2012)

Age structure

0-14 years: 17% (male 485,115/female 460,682) 15-24 years: 13.1% (male 371,258/female 355,984) 25-54 years: 39.2% (male 1,087,993/female 1,093,545) 55-64 years: 12.4% (male 343,685/female 347,732) 65 years and over: 18% (male 457,175/female 565,908) (2014 est.)

Birth rate

10.22 births/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 190

Death rate

10.23 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 46

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 55.6 % youth dependency ratio: 27.1 % elderly dependency ratio: 28.5 % potential support ratio: 3.5 (2014 est.)

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2012 est.)

Education expenditures

8.7% of GDP (2009) country comparison to the world: 8

Ethnic groups

Scandinavian, Inuit, Faroese, German, Turkish, Iranian, Somali

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.2% (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 111

HIV/AIDS - deaths

fewer than 100 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 133

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

5,300 (2009 est.) country comparison to the world: 122

Health expenditures

11.2% of GDP (2011) country comparison to the world: 12

Hospital bed density

3.5 beds/1,000 population (2010)

Infant mortality rate

total: 4.1 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 197 male: 4.17 deaths/1,000 live births female: 4.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)

Languages

Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority) note: English is the predominant second language

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 79.09 years country comparison to the world: 47 male: 76.68 years female: 81.64 years (2014 est.)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (2003 est.)

Major urban areas - population

COPENHAGEN (capital) 1.206 million (2011)

Maternal mortality rate

12 deaths/100,000 live births (2010) country comparison to the world: 151

Median age

total: 41.6 years male: 40.7 years female: 42.5 years (2014 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

29.1 (2012 est.)

Nationality

noun: Dane(s) adjective: Danish

Net migration rate

2.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 43

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

18.2% (2008) country comparison to the world: 107

Physicians density

3.42 physicians/1,000 population (2007)

Population

5,569,077 (July 2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 115

Population growth rate

0.22% (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 178

Religions

Evangelical Lutheran (official) 80%, Muslim 4%, other (denominations of less than 1% each, includes Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Serbian Orthodox Christian, Jewish, Baptist, and Buddhist) 16% (2012 est.)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 100% of population rural: 100% of population total: 100% of population unimproved: urban: 0% of population rural: 0% of population total: 0% of population (2012 est.)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 17 years male: 16 years female: 18 years (2010)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female 0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-24 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 25-54 years: 1 male(s)/female 55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2014 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.73 children born/woman (2014 est.) country comparison to the world: 168

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 14.2% country comparison to the world: 89 male: 14.8% female: 14.1% (2012)

Urbanization

urban population: 86.9% of total population (2011) rate of urbanization: 0.5% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)

Disputes - international

Iceland, the UK, and Ireland dispute Denmark's claim that the Faroe Islands' continental shelf extends beyond 200 nm; Faroese continue to study proposals for full independence; sovereignty dispute with Canada over Hans Island in the Kennedy Channel between Ellesmere Island and Greenland; Denmark (Greenland) and Norway have made submissions to the Commission on the Limits of the Continental Shelf (CLCS) and Russia is collecting additional data to augment its 2001 CLCS submission

Refugees and internally displaced persons

stateless persons: 3,623 (2012)

Airports

80 (2013) country comparison to the world: 68

Airports - with paved runways

total: 28 over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 7 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 12 under 914 m: 2 (2013)

Airports - with unpaved runways

total: 52 914 to 1,523 m: 5 under 914 m: 47 (2013)

Merchant marine

total: 367 country comparison to the world: 27 by type: bulk carrier 4, cargo 48, carrier 1, chemical tanker 125, container 94, liquefied gas 4, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 40, petroleum tanker 36, refrigerated cargo 3, roll on/roll off 8, specialized tanker 3 foreign-owned: 27 (Germany 9, Greenland 1, Norway 2, Sweden 15) registered in other countries: 582 (Antigua and Barbuda 20, Bahamas 69, Belgium 4, Brazil 3, Curacao 1, Cyprus 6, Egypt 1, France 11, Gibraltar 7, Hong Kong 42, Isle of Man 30, Italy 4, Jamaica 1, Liberia 8, Lithuania 8, Luxembourg 1, Malaysia 1, Malta 34, Marshall Islands 7, Moldova 1, Netherlands 27, Norway 7, Panama 41, Philippines 2, Portugal 4, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 9, Singapore 149, Sweden 4, UK 43, Uruguay 1, US 31, Venezuela 1, unknown 4) (2010)

Pipelines

condensate 11 km; gas 4,377 km; oil 647 km; oil/gas/water 2 km (2013)

Ports and terminals

major seaport(s): Baltic Sea - Aarhus, Copenhagen, Fredericia, Kalundborg; North Sea - Esbjerg, river port(s): Aalborg (Langerak) dry bulk cargo port(s): Ensted (coal) cruise port(s): Copenhagen

Railways

total: 2,667 km country comparison to the world: 62 standard gauge: 2,667 km 1.435-m gauge (640 km electrified) (2008)

Roadways

total: 73,929 km country comparison to the world: 63 paved: 73,929 km (includes 1,143 km of expressways) (2012)

Waterways

400 km (2010) country comparison to the world: 88