Cook Islands

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

3 (2000)

Internet country code

.ck

Internet users

NA

Radio broadcast stations

AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)

Radios

14,000 (1997)

Telephone system

general assessment: NA domestic: the individual islands are connected by a combination of satellite earth stations, microwave systems, and VHF and HF radiotelephone; within the islands, service is provided by small exchanges connected to subscribers by open wire, cable, and fiber-optic cable international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)

Telephones - main lines in use

5,000 (1997)

Telephones - mobile cellular

0 (1994)

Television broadcast stations

2 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)

Televisions

4,000 (1997)

Agriculture - products

copra, citrus, pineapples, tomatoes, beans, pawpaws, bananas, yams, taro, coffee; pigs, poultry

Budget

revenues: $28 million expenditures: $27 million, including capital expenditures of $3.3 million (FY00/01 est. )

Currency

New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Currency code

NZD

Debt - external

$141 million (1996 est.)

Economic aid - recipient

$13.1 million (1995); note - New Zealand continues to furnish the greater part (1995)

Economy - overview

Like many other South Pacific island nations, the Cook Islands' economic development is hindered by the isolation of the country from foreign markets, the limited size of domestic markets, lack of natural resources, periodic devastation from natural disasters, and inadequate infrastructure. Agriculture provides the economic base with major exports made up of copra and citrus fruit. Manufacturing activities are limited to fruit processing, clothing, and handicrafts. Trade deficits are offset by remittances from emigrants and by foreign aid, overwhelmingly from New Zealand. In the 1980s and 1990s, the country lived beyond its means, maintaining a bloated public service and accumulating a large foreign debt. Subsequent reforms, including the sale of state assets, the strengthening of economic management, the encouragement of tourism, and a debt restructuring agreement, have rekindled investment and growth.

Electricity - consumption

22.32 million kWh (2000)

Electricity - exports

0 kWh (2000)

Electricity - imports

0 kWh (2000)

Electricity - production

24 million kWh (2000)

Electricity - production by source

fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% other: 0% (2000) nuclear: 0%

Exchange rates

New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997)

Exports

$9.1 million (2000)

Exports - commodities

copra, papayas, fresh and canned citrus fruit, coffee; fish; pearls and pearl shells; clothing

Exports - partners

Australia 34%, Japan 27%, New Zealand 25%, US 8% (2000)

Fiscal year

1 April - 31 March

GDP

purchasing power parity - $105 million (2001 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

agriculture: 17% industry: 8% services: 75% (2000 est.)

GDP - per capita

purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2001 est.)

GDP - real growth rate

NA%

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Imports

$50.7 million (2000)

Imports - commodities

foodstuffs, textiles, fuels, timber, capital goods

Imports - partners

NZ 61%, Fiji 19%, US 9%, Australia 6%, Japan 2% (2000)

Industrial production growth rate

NA%

Industries

fruit processing, tourism, fishing

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

3.2% (2000 est.)

Labor force

8,000 (1996)

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture 29%, industry 15%, services 56% note: shortage of skilled labor (1995)

Population below poverty line

NA%

Unemployment rate

13% (1996)

Area

total: 240 sq km water: 0 sq km land: 240 sq km

Area - comparative

1.3 times the size of Washington, DC

Climate

tropical; moderated by trade winds

Coastline

120 km

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Te Manga 652 m

Environment - current issues

NA

Environment - international agreements

party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geographic coordinates

21 14 S, 159 46 W

Geography - note

the northern Cook Islands are seven low-lying, sparsely populated, coral atolls; the southern Cook Islands consist of eight elevated, fertile, volcanic isles where most of the populace lives

Irrigated land

NA sq km

Land boundaries

0 km

Land use

arable land: 17.39% permanent crops: 13.04% other: 69.57% (1998 est.)

Location

Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand

Map references

Oceania

Maritime claims

continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin territorial sea: 12 NM exclusive economic zone: 200 NM

Natural hazards

typhoons (November to March)

Natural resources

NEGL

Terrain

low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south

Administrative divisions

none

Capital

Avarua

Constitution

4 August 1965

Country name

conventional long form: none conventional short form: Cook Islands former: Harvey Islands

Dependency status

self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense, in consultation with the Cook Islands

Diplomatic representation from the US

none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)

Diplomatic representation in the US

none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)

Executive branch

chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Frederick GOODWIN (since NA); New Zealand High Commissioner Kurt MEYER (since NA), representative of New Zealand elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the UK representative is appointed by the monarch; the New Zealand high commissioner is appointed by the New Zealand Government; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually becomes prime minister head of government: Prime Minister Dr. Robert WOONTON (since 12 February 2002); Deputy Prime Minister Sir Geoffrey HENRY (since 12 February 2002) cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister; collectively responsible to Parliament

Flag description

blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for every island) centered in the outer half of the flag

Government type

self-governing parliamentary democracy

Independence

none (became self-governing in free association with New Zealand on 4 August 1965 and has the right at any time to move to full independence by unilateral action)

International organization participation

ACP, AsDB, ESCAP (associate), FAO, ICAO, ICFTU, IFAD, IFRCS (associate), IOC, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO

Judicial branch

High Court

Legal system

based on New Zealand law and English common law

Legislative branch

unicameral Parliament (25 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held NA June 1999 (next to be held by NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CIP 12, DAP 12, NAP 1 note: the House of Ariki (chiefs) advises on traditional matters and maintains considerable influence, but has no legislative powers

National holiday

Constitution Day, first Monday in August (1965)

Political parties and leaders

Cook Islands People's Party or CIP [Geoffrey HENRY]; Democratic Alliance Party or DAP [Terepai MAOATE]; New Alliance Party or NAP [Norman GEORGE]

Political pressure groups and leaders

NA

Suffrage

NA years of age; universal adult

Background

Named after Captain Cook, who sighted them in 1770, the islands became a British protectorate in 1888. By 1900, administrative control was transferred to New Zealand; in 1965 residents chose self-government in free association with New Zealand. The emigration of skilled workers to New Zealand and government deficits are continuing problems.

Military - note

defense is the responsibility of New Zealand, in consultation with the Cook Islands and at its request

Age structure

0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%

Birth rate

NA births/1,000 population

Death rate

NA deaths/1,000 population

Ethnic groups

Polynesian (full blood) 81.3%, Polynesian and European 7.7%, Polynesian and non-European 7.7%, European 2.4%, other 0.9%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

NA%

HIV/AIDS - deaths

NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

NA

Infant mortality rate

NA deaths/1,000 live births

Languages

English (official), Maori

Life expectancy at birth

total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years

Literacy

definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA%

Nationality

noun: Cook Islander(s) adjective: Cook Islander

Population

20,811 (July 2002 est.)

Population growth rate

NA% (2002 est.)

Religions

Christian (majority of populace are members of the Cook Islands Christian Church)

Sex ratio

NA

Total fertility rate

NA children born/woman

Disputes - international

none

Airports

7 (2001)

Airports - with paved runways

total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)

Airports - with unpaved runways

total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2002)

Highways

total: 320 km (1992) paved: NA unpaved: NA

Ports and harbors

Avarua, Avatiu

Railways

0 km

Waterways

none