Bermuda

Internet Service Providers (ISPs)

20 (2000)

Internet country code

.bm

Internet users

25,000 (2000)

Radio broadcast stations

AM 5, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

Radios

82,000 (1997)

Telephone system

general assessment: NA domestic: modern, fully automatic telephone system international: 3 submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

Telephones - main lines in use

52,000 (1997)

Telephones - mobile cellular

7,980 (1996)

Television broadcast stations

3 (1997)

Televisions

66,000 (1997)

Agriculture - products

bananas, vegetables, citrus, flowers; dairy products

Budget

revenues: $609.5 million expenditures: $574.6 million, including capital expenditures of $54.8 million (FY00/01)

Currency

Bermudian dollar (BMD)

Currency code

BMD

Debt - external

$145 million (FY99/00)

Economic aid - recipient

$NA

Economy - overview

Bermuda enjoys one of the highest per capita incomes in the world, with its economy primarily based on providing financial services for international business and luxury facilities for tourists. The effects of 11 September 2001 have had both positive and negative ramifications for Bermuda. On the positive side, a number of new reinsurance companies have located on the island, contributing to the expansion of an already robust international business sector. On the negative side, Bermuda's already weakening tourism industry - which derives over 80% of its visitors from the US - has been further hit as American tourists have chosen not to travel. Most capital equipment and food must be imported, with the US serving as the primary source of goods, followed by the UK. Bermuda's industrial sector is small, although construction continues to be important. Agriculture is limited, only 6% of the land being arable.

Electricity - consumption

553.35 million kWh (2000)

Electricity - exports

0 kWh (2000)

Electricity - imports

0 kWh (2000)

Electricity - production

595 million kWh (2000)

Electricity - production by source

fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% other: 0% (2000) nuclear: 0%

Exchange rates

Bermudian dollar per US dollar - 1.0000 (fixed rate pegged to the US dollar)

Exports

$51 million (2000)

Exports - commodities

reexports of pharmaceuticals

Exports - partners

EU excluding UK 77.9%, US 9.8%, UK 6.9% (1999)

Fiscal year

1 April - 31 March

GDP

purchasing power parity - $2.2 billion (2001 est.)

GDP - composition by sector

agriculture: 1% industry: 10% services: 89% (1995 est.)

GDP - per capita

purchasing power parity - $34,800 (2001 est.)

GDP - real growth rate

2.9% (2001 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%

Imports

$719 million (2000)

Imports - commodities

machinery and transport equipment, construction materials, chemicals, food and live animals

Imports - partners

EU excluding UK 35.4%, US 17.8%, UK 15.4%, Russia 14.6% (1999)

Industrial production growth rate

NA%

Industries

tourism, international business, light manufacturing

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

3% (July 2001)

Labor force

37,472 (2000)

Labor force - by occupation

clerical 22%, services 20%, laborers 17%, professional and technical 17%, administrative and managerial 13%, sales 8%, agriculture and fishing 3% (2000 est.)

Population below poverty line

NA%

Unemployment rate

4.5% (1993)

Area

total: 53.3 sq km water: 0 sq km land: 53.3 sq km

Area - comparative

about one-third the size of Washington, DC

Climate

subtropical; mild, humid; gales, strong winds common in winter

Coastline

103 km

Elevation extremes

lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Town Hill 76 m

Environment - current issues

asbestos disposal; water pollution; preservation of open space; sustainable development

Geographic coordinates

32 20 N, 64 45 W

Geography - note

consists of about 138 coral islands and islets with ample rainfall, but no rivers or freshwater lakes; some land, reclaimed and otherwise, was leased by US Government from 1941 to 1995

Irrigated land

NA sq km

Land boundaries

0 km

Land use

arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (55% developed, 45% rural/open space) (1998 est.)

Location

North America, group of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of North Carolina (US)

Map references

North America

Maritime claims

exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM

Natural hazards

hurricanes (June to November)

Natural resources

limestone, pleasant climate fostering tourism

Terrain

low hills separated by fertile depressions

Administrative divisions

9 parishes and 2 municipalities*; Devonshire, Hamilton, Hamilton*, Paget, Pembroke, Saint George*, Saint George's, Sandys, Smith's, Southampton, Warwick

Capital

Hamilton

Constitution

8 June 1968, amended 1989

Country name

conventional long form: none conventional short form: Bermuda former: Somers Islands

Dependency status

overseas territory of the UK

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission: Consul General Denis Patrick COLEMAN, Jr. consulate(s) general: Crown Hill, 16 Middle Road, Devonshire DVQ3 mailing address: P. O. Box HM325, Hamilton HMBX; American Consulate General Hamilton, Department of State, 5300 Hamilton Place, Washington, DC 20520-5300 telephone: [1] (441) 295-1342 FAX: [1] (441) 295-1592, [1] (441) 296-9233

Diplomatic representation in the US

none (overseas territory of the UK)

Executive branch

chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Sir John VEREKER (since NA April 2002) head of government: Premier Jennifer SMITH (since 10 November 1998) cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the premier, appointed by the governor elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition is usually appointed premier by the governor

Flag description

red, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Bermudian coat of arms (white and green shield with a red lion holding a scrolled shield showing the sinking of the ship Sea Venture off Bermuda in 1609) centered on the outer half of the flag

Government type

parliamentary British overseas territory with internal self-government

Independence

none (overseas territory of the UK)

International organization participation

Caricom (observer), CCC, ICFTU, Interpol (subbureau), IOC

Judicial branch

Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts

Legal system

English law

Legislative branch

bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (an 11-member body appointed by the governor, the premier, and the opposition) and the House of Assembly (40 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last general election held 9 November 1998 (next to be held NA November 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - PLP 54%, UBP 44%, NLP 1%, independents 1%; seats by party - PLP 26, UBP 14

National holiday

Bermuda Day, 24 May

Political parties and leaders

National Liberal Party or NLP [Dessaline WALDRON]; Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Jennifer SMITH]; United Bermuda Party or UBP [Chairman Wayne FURBERT]

Political pressure groups and leaders

Bermuda Employer's Union [Eddie SAINTS]; Bermuda Industrial Union or BIU [Derrick BURGESS]; Bermuda Public Services Association or BPSA [leader NA]; Bermuda Union of Teachers [Michael CHARLES]

Suffrage

18 years of age; universal

Background

Bermuda was first settled in 1609 by shipwrecked English colonists headed for Virginia. Tourism to the island to escape North American winters first developed in Victorian times. Tourism continues to be important to the island's economy, although international business has overtaken it in recent years. Bermuda has developed into a highly successful offshore financial center. A referendum on independence was soundly defeated in 1995.

Military - note

defense is the responsibility of the UK

Military branches

no regular indigenous military forces; Bermuda Regiment, Bermuda Police Force, Bermuda Reserve Constabulary

Military expenditures - dollar figure

$4,027,970 (January 2002)

Military expenditures - percent of GDP

0.11% (FY00/01)

Age structure

0-14 years: 19.2% (male 6,058; female 6,225) 15-64 years: 69.4% (male 21,950; female 22,442) 65 years and over: 11.4% (male 3,163; female 4,122) (2002 est.)

Birth rate

11.82 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Death rate

7.49 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Ethnic groups

black 58%, white 36%, other 6%

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

NA%

HIV/AIDS - deaths

NA

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

NA

Infant mortality rate

9.28 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)

Languages

English (official), Portuguese

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 77.3 years female: 79.27 years (2002 est.) male: 75.21 years

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 98% male: 98% female: 99% (1970 est.)

Nationality

noun: Bermudian(s) adjective: Bermudian

Net migration rate

2.61 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)

Population

63,960 (July 2002 est.)

Population growth rate

0.69% (2002 est.)

Religions

non-Anglican Protestant 39%, Anglican 27%, Roman Catholic 15%, other 19%

Sex ratio

at birth: 0.94 male(s)/female under 15 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2002 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.81 children born/woman (2002 est.)

Disputes - international

none

Airports

1 (2002)

Airports - with paved runways

total: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2002)

Highways

total: 450 km paved: 450 km note: public roads - 209 km; private roads - 241 km (2002) unpaved: 0 km

Merchant marine

total: 102 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,485,450 GRT/8,782,869 DWT note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Croatia 5, Denmark 2, Germany 1, Greece 1, Hong Kong 9, Indonesia 1, Norway 2, Sweden 11, United Kingdom 52, United States 13 (2002 est.) ships by type: bulk 28, cargo 4, container 16, liquefied gas 6, passenger 3, petroleum tanker 17, refrigerated cargo 16, roll on/roll off 9, short-sea passenger 3

Ports and harbors

Hamilton, Saint George's, Dockyard

Railways

0 km

Waterways

none